TG-MOISES: Multilingual Telegram Malicious Content Corpus
TelegramConspiracy theoriesContent moderationExtremismHate speechHealthMisinformationMultilingualPolitical communicationPropagandaVaccines TG-MOISES, a corpus of 6,805,925 messages from 490 public Telegram channels associated with conspiracy theories, anti-vaccine movements and far-right or nationalist narratives, in English, Spanish, Turkish, Lithuanian, French, German and other languages, collected by the MOISES project team through the Telegram API and released on Zenodo. 3,273,829 of the messages carry cleaned text; for the rest the export holds only an ID, the channel and flags. 20,941 messages (from 464 channels) were annotated by hand on a five-dimension malicious-content taxonomy (Role, Tactic, Feature, Target and Vulnerability), giving 401,150 label rows; the package also has the per-channel message counts, language distributions and topic-model output (404 channels, 21,614 topics with keywords, a theme text and an embedding vector each). The data have no author or time field for almost every message: only 24,752 messages have a date, between 2020-11-28 and 2023-12-19.
Cite this dataset at
telegram-moises.echo.directory
Analytics
Topic 0
Topic 1
Topic 2
Topic 3
Topic 4
Topic 5
Topic 6
Topic 7
Topic 8
Topic 9
Computed over the full corpus.
Record
- Catalog key
tg-moises- Authors
- De Souza, Debora F; Beltrao, Gabriela; Chulvi, Berta; Dantonio, Sergio; Ozerim, Mehmet Gokay; Torregrosa, Javier; Giron, Adrian; Panizo, Angel; Gonzalez, Pablo Miralles; Liz, Helena; Tato, Javier Huertas; Sousa, Sonia; Martin, Alejandro; Maciuliene, Monika; Camacho, David
- Year
- 2026
- Source paper
- Behind the Mask: A Taxonomic Analysis of Activities in Online Social Networks
- DOI / arXiv
- 10.48550/arXiv.2606.27111
- License
- Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) (CC-BY-4.0)
- Records
- 6,805,925
- Languages
- ar, de, en, es, fr, it, lt, pt, tr
- Collected
- 2025 (2020s)
- Tasks
- Bot detection inferred
- Region
- Global (inferred: the platform is used worldwide)
Provenance
- Originally published at
- https://zenodo.org/records/21339490 link checked
- Original files as received
- The source files, unconverted, kept for reference: mirrored on echo.directory on 2026-10-02, 1.2 GB across 5 files. Checksums in MANIFEST.json. For use, start with the data package below.
- Data package
- Version 1.0.0 of this dataset as an ECHO Data Package: posts (6,805,925 rows), annotations (401,150 rows), communities (490 rows), x_channels (491 rows), x_channel_languages (10,180 rows), x_topics (21,614 rows).
- Structure
- Temporal (timestamped), Labelled data, Text
Citations
Behind the Mask: A Taxonomic Analysis of Activities in Online Social Networks
D. F. D. De Souza, Gabriela Beltrão, Berta Chulvi, Sergio D'Antonio-Maceiras, M. G. Özerim
Journal Article · arXiv.org · 2026
Citation data from Semantic Scholar, retrieved 2026-10-22.
How to cite
BibTeX
@misc{echo2026,
title = {ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online},
author = {Switzer, Braden and Zafarani, Reza},
year = {2026},
url = {https://echo.directory},
note = {Syracuse University}
}
@misc{https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.27111,
doi = {10.48550/ARXIV.2606.27111},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.27111},
author = {De Souza, Debora F and Beltrao, Gabriela and Chulvi, Berta and Dantonio, Sergio and Ozerim, Mehmet Gokay and Torregrosa, Javier and Giron, Adrian and Panizo, Angel and Gonzalez, Pablo Miralles and Liz, Helena and Tato, Javier Huertas and Sousa, Sonia and Martin, Alejandro and Maciuliene, Monika and Camacho, David},
keywords = {Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC), Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), FOS: Computer and information sciences},
title = {Behind the Mask: A Taxonomic Analysis of Activities in Online Social Networks},
publisher = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike 4.0 International}
} APA
Switzer, B., & Zafarani, R. (2026). ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online [Data repository]. Syracuse University. https://echo.directory
De Souza, D. F., Beltrao, G., Chulvi, B., Dantonio, S., Ozerim, M. G., Torregrosa, J., Giron, A., Panizo, A., Gonzalez, P. M., Liz, H., Tato, J. H., Sousa, S., Martin, A., Maciuliene, M., & Camacho, D. (2026). TG-MOISES: Multilingual Telegram Malicious Content Corpus [Data set]. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.27111
MLA
Switzer, Braden, and Reza Zafarani. ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online. Syracuse University, 2026, echo.directory.
De Souza, Debora F, et al. TG-MOISES: Multilingual Telegram Malicious Content Corpus. 2026, doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.27111.